Back to the previous days of Block 1

Fill in the gaps with English equivalents for the following Russian words:

по 6 категориям / в 6 категориях = 6 categories

быть представленными в слегка большем количестве = to have a slightly

составлять 30 % =to 30%

превалировать = to be be

неравенство полов =

в сильном отличии от = in

равномерное распределение =

 

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2. Write your own analysis of two pie-charts on employment patterns: 

The two pie charts below people in the labour market from June to August in 2012, seasonally adjusted..

Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.

Write at least 150 words.

Prompts:

- to illustrate  the distribution of ... and... on... between... and..., with seasonal adjustments

- to categorize ... as either... (...or...), ..., or ..., with inactiveness further divided into ... and ...

- aged 

-A key feature is...

- stark difference in ... between...

- to dominate a category

-to be in full-time / part-time employment

- In contrast,...

- to show a reverse pattern

- compared to... 

- ..., with ...mln compared to ... mln men/women

- In terms id unactivity,...

- a notable proportion / a large share

- slightly higher

- Overall,... show higher ... employment rates, while ... are more represented in... and in ..., particularly, ... among those aged ...

Day VII.

1. In the model essay below fill in the gaps with the words from the box. 

The working week should be shorter and workers should have a longer weekend. Do you agree or disagree?

 Agree or Disagree? Template[100%]

Introduction - Indicate your position clearly

Body l - Agree or Disagree

Body 2 - Agree or Disagree

Body2 - Agree or Disagree

Body 3 - Disagree or Agree (Some other people's opinion)

Conclusion - Restatement of your idea and a new main idea

arguing = утверждающие     wholeheartedly = искренне   well-being = благополучие conducted = проведённые  demand = спрос enhance = улучшать  alleviate = облегчить   burnout = выгорание   endemic issue = насущная проблема   environments = условия operation = деятельность  responsibilities = обязанности      report = сообщают   improved = улучшенное   underscoring = подчеркивающее   increased = повышенная   ample = достаточный energized = энергичные   evidence = доказательства   efficiency = эффективность   amount = объем   tendency = склонность   societal = общественный benefit = приносить пользу   commuting = добираясь на работу   contributing = способствуя   particularly beneficial = особенно полезно   persistent issues = постоянные проблемы    work-centric = ориентированные pursue = заниматься   ultimately = в конечном итоге   foster = способствовать   furthermore = кроме того  на работу      emergency = чрезвычайные ситуации  valid = обоснованное   staggered scheduling = скользящий график   ensuring = обеспечивая      drivers = движущие силы   transitioning to = переход на  both = как для  balance = баланс   offset = компенсировать step towards = шаг к   rather than = вместо того чтобы/нежели

In recent years, there has been an increasing to reconsider the traditional five-day workweek, with advocates that reducing the working week and extending weekends would both employees and employers alike. I agree with this stance, as a shorter working week could not only improve mental and physical but also overall productivity and job satisfaction.

Firstly, a shorter workweek could stress and reduce , which has become an in today’s fast-paced, high-pressure work . The modern workforce often endures long hours and demanding that leave little time for rest and personal life. By granting workers an extra day off, employees could better balance their work and personal lives, ultimately leading to enhanced mental health. Studies in countries that have experimented with a four-day workweek, such as Iceland, demonstrate that employees lower stress levels, greater job satisfaction, and even physical health, further the benefits of this arrangement.

Moreover, a longer weekend would likely foster productivity during working hours. When employees have time to rest and recharge, they return to work more and focused. This is supported by from various organizations that have adopted a shorter workweek and reported higher levels of and engagement from their employees. For example, companies in New Zealand and Japan that implemented a four-day workweek observed that their employees became more efficient, producing the same of work, if not more, in fewer hours. This is likely because employees, knowing they have a shorter work period, are more motivated to complete their tasks efficiently without the to procrastinate.

Additionally, the shift to a shorter workweek could have a positive impact on and environmental levels. With one less day spent , traffic congestion and pollution could be significantly reduced, to lower carbon emissions. This would be for urban areas, where traffic and pollution are . , having an additional day to engage in leisure activities, spend time with family, or hobbies could improve the quality of life for many individuals, leading to a happier, more balanced society. , this extra time for personal growth and social engagement could a sense of community and well-being, qualities that are often overlooked in highly cultures.

However, some opponents may argue that a shorter working week would negatively affect economic output, particularly in industries where continuous is required, such as healthcare and services. While this concern is , it could be addressed through and flexible shifts, that essential services remain unaffected. Furthermore, the increased productivity resulting from a more rested workforce would likely any potential reduction in total working hours, particularly in sectors where knowledge, creativity, and problem-solving are key of success.

In conclusion, a shorter working week with a longer weekend could provide substantial benefits for individuals and society as a whole. By reducing stress, boosting productivity, and promoting a healthier work-life , a revised workweek could lead to a more fulfilled, motivated, and efficient workforce. In my opinion, such a change would be a progressive a future where work enhances, detracts from, the quality of life.

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2. Complete the  infographic description  below with the words from the list.

findings   with   describing   as   reported   regarding   similarly   while   maintaining   and   enhance   asked    viable

The infographic presents from a four-day workweek pilot program conducted in the United Kingdom.

Firstly, the transition to the shorter workweek was largely successful, 49% of participants it as “smooth” and 29% as “extremely smooth.” This suggests that adapting to a four-day schedule posed minimal challenges, nearly 80% a positive transition experience.

productivity, the results are encouraging. 46% of businesses reported the same productivity level, 34% observed slight improvements, 15% reported significant improvements. This data implies that a shorter workweek may support or even productivity in many cases.

Lastly, when about the likelihood of continuing with the four-day workweek, 86% of companies indicated they are “likely” or “extremely likely” to implement it permanently. This high level of interest in adopting the four-day workweek suggests that many organizations view it as a long-term option.

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3. Write an essay on the following topic:

Most people in the world have to work to earn a living. However, many people work only for the financial gain that it involves and not for any other rewards that a job can offer. What do u think the main considerations when deciding what job to take should be?

Use the following template:

If there happens to be only one question in the heading:

1) Introduction 

• Paraphrase the question 
• Outline sentence – state your answers to the question in a general way.

2) Main body paragraph 1 – The first point in your answer

• Topic sentence 
• Explanation – develop the idea
• Example – give an example

3) Main body paragraph 2 – The second point in your answer

• Topic sentence 
• Explanation – develop the idea
• Example – give an example

3) Main body paragraph 2 – The third point in your answer

• Topic sentence 
• Explanation – develop the idea
• Example – give an example

4) Conclusion Summarise the question and points in the answer

2. Write the essay on the following topic:

Some people think that eventually robotization of many jobs will make people happier and their life-easier. To what extent do you agree or disagree?