I. Watch the video above and learn some new words from it doing the exercise below

Russian English 

Practice the active words by entering the English translation in the gaps
червяк Show/Hide translation a
Кто рано встает, тому бог подает Show/Hide translation The
иметь преимущество над... Show/Hide translation to ...
"сова" Show/Hide translation a
to have an oppotunity to express your preferences in smth= Show/Hide translation to in
генетически детерминированный Show/Hide translation geneticallyfrom
полностью=totally=completely= Show/Hide translation
Скорее всего =Probably= Show/Hide translation are
передавшийся от предка Show/Hide translation from an
с эволюционной точки зрения Show/Hide translation from an
быть оправданным, быть рациональным, иметь смысл Show/Hide translation to
неоднородные графики сна Show/Hide translation sleeping
обеспечивать защиту Show/Hide translation tofor
осознающий угрозы Show/Hide translation of
хищник Show/Hide translation a
общественные виды деятельности Show/Hide translation activities
быть поставленным в невыгодное положение Show/Hide translation to be put
расхождение между биологическими внутренними часами ("хронотипом") и вынужденным социальным регулированием жизни Show/Hide translation social
проявлять положительные черты характера Show/Hide translation to positive social
склонный к дурным пристрастиям Show/Hide translation to
белое вещество [мозга] Show/Hide translation the white
пути для гормонов хорошего самочувствия Show/Hide translation
способности к познанию Show/Hide translation abilities
испытывать нехватку Show/Hide translation to
восполнять Show/Hide translation to
усиливать рискованное поведение Show/Hide translation to to risk-taking
доходы,прибыль Show/Hide translation
терять силы, выдыхаться Show/Hide translation to lose
приводить к Show/Hide translation to in
слабеть, уменьшаться Show/Hide translation to

 

Total Questions: 0

Incorrect Answers: 0

 

II. Prepare answer to these questions:

1. What is the famous proverb about early birds?

2. How is this true about them?

3. What is the main problem that night owls face today?

4. Why do both chronotypes exist? How has it been pre-determined by evolution?

5. What are the strengths of a night owl?

6. What do these strengths lead to?

7. How are the 2 chronotypes displayed in the brain?

8. Is it pre-given genetically what chronotype we have?

9. How is an hour-lag in time coded in the DNA?

10. What is the purpose of the video? to encourage night owls? to inform the viewers on the strong and weak points of the 2 chronotypes? To put down early birds?

11. What do you consider yourself?

12. Have you ever suffered from social jet lag? How does it impact your life?

13. How do you try to improve your sleeping pattern?

III. Write a summary of the video

Step 4. Revise the templates for a summary and an opinion:

Summary (150–170 words)

 

Paragraph 1 – What the text is about (2–3 sentences).
The interview/video/text/lecture discusses [topic] with [name/role]. The speaker explains that [central idea] and outlines [2–3 key areas]. Overall, the aim is to show [purpose/insight].

Paragraph 2 – Main points (4–6 sentences).
First, the interviewee/speaker/author [reports/argues/explains] that [point 1] because [reason/evidence].
Next, they/the speaker/ author [add(s)/point(s) out] that [point 2], which [effect/implication].
They also [illustrate/describe/mention] [example or practice], showing how [result].
In addition, [point 3] is mentioned to demonstrate [why it matters].
Finally, the speaker [concludes/suggests] that [general conclusion].

Last sentence – One-sentence wrap-up.
Taken together, these ideas present [overall message/insight] about [topic].

Useful reporting verbs (B2): says, explains, argues, suggests, points out, notes, emphasises, adds, admits, concludes.
Paraphrasing moves: change word class (e.g., education → educated), use synonyms, change order of information, summarise examples in one clause, report speech (no direct quotes).

Opinion (70--80 words)

In my view, the interview/video/lecture/text/reading reveals an insightful observation: [the summary of the main point(s)]  

I support / That said (=Не смотря на это), I do not (fully) support this perspective because [argument 1]. For example, ....  Moreover / To add to this, [argument 2], making .../ leading to .../ etc. [extension]. In particular, ... 

Therefore,...[your final thought about the relevance/importance/urgency /etc. of the idea(s) expressed]

Step 4. Try to write your own summary and opinion on the video above. If you find it difficult, fill in the gaps in the model summary and opinion below and learn them by heart.

Summary

  1. prevent — предотвращать; не допускать
  2. effects — последствия (долгосрочные последствия)
  3. addiction — зависимость
  4. strain — напрягать; перегружать (напр., «функции напрягают самоконтроль»)
  5. unless — если только не
  6. debt — долг; sleep debt — «дефицит сна» / «долг по сну»
  7. burnout — выгорание (эмоциональное/профессиональное)
  8. gesture — жест
  9. awkward — неловкий; неуверенный
  10. weaken — ослабевать; ослаблять
  11. view — взгляд; точка зрения
  12. resembles — напоминает; похоже на
  13. removing — удаление; убирание («убирать телефоны из спальни»)
  14. phone — телефон (в контексте: «без телефонов»)
  15. activities — занятия; виды деятельности
  16. consequences — последствия